In recent years, increased emphasis on sustainability practices in the investment community have caused investors and asset managers to prioritize their Environmental, Social and Governance (“ESG”) efforts. Hear from AQR’s Head of ESG Strategy, Brad Jones, about how investors can use shorting to more strongly express ESG views and hedge climate risks.
Why might investors incorporate ESG considerations into their alternatives allocation?
Many investors incorporate ESG considerations into their traditional long-only equity and fixed income portfolios in order to better align their portfolios with their broader values or because they believe ESG information is predictive of risk and returns. Given the urgency of the risks of climate change as well as the historically low expected returns from traditional assets, investors may want to consider positioning their alternatives allocation accordingly.
Until recently ESG implementations in liquid hedge fund strategies, also known as liquid alternatives, have been limited. ESG-focused liquid alternatives can offer investors a more effective way of expressing their ESG views and may help lower their portfolio’s carbon exposure. Additionally, they may provide a valuable diversifier to other assets in the portfolio, which is particularly important now as traditional asset classes have historically high valuations and low expected returns.
ESG-focused liquid alternatives may offer a diversifying option for generating returns in a sustainable way (00:28)
Historically investors have implemented their ESG views in only their stock, and maybe their bond, portfolios. We feel this unnecessarily limits the amount of impact an investor can have within their portfolio. AQR is hoping to change that by offering several liquid alternative strategies that utilize tools like shorting to maximize the amount of ESG impact and alpha that an investor can generate within their portfolio.
Liquid alternative strategies give investors more tools to incorporate ESG-driven investment views, hedge and manage ESG-related risks, and even generate incremental impact when compared to what they could do in a traditional long-only strategy. An especially important tool that liquid alternatives offer is the ability to short stocks with poor ESG characteristics.
How can shorting be used as a tool in ESG investing?
We believe shorting allows for greater impact than divestment (00:26)
If an investor dislikes a company from an ESG perspective or potentially is interested in hedging their climate risk exposure, we feel that shorting as a tool offers a far greater impact than divestment. Shorting may open a channel for investors to express their ESG concerns to company management teams and potentially affect their behavior. That channel is largely absent for long only strategies that merely divest.
If an investor has ESG-related concerns about a company, shorting that company’s stock is a stronger expression of that concern, as opposed to divesting from the company. Shorting may open a channel for investors to express their ESG concerns to company management teams and potentially impact their behavior. Such a channel is largely absent for long-only strategies that merely divest from companies with significant ESG concerns.
Shorting can provide an effective way to hedge ESG risks (00:26)
Nearly every company has some climate risk exposure. That makes it nearly impossible in a long only portfolio to fully insulate yourself from climate risks. AQR has found in a long/short implementation utilizing careful portfolio construction, we are potentially able to actually flip that sign and build a portfolio that is positioned to benefit when climate risks materialize.
Many investors believe that climate change may pose a material risk for companies – for instance, high-polluting companies may face an increasing likelihood of stringent carbon emissions regulations, which would negatively impact their operations. While long-only strategies seek a meaningfully lower carbon footprint than a benchmark, they cannot eliminate carbon exposure completely. In these strategies, climate risks are unlikely to be fully hedged, as nearly all stocks and bonds have at least some climate risk exposure. However, if investors allow shorting, then they may build allocations that fully remove such risks, effectively hedging climate exposure in their portfolio.
For more information, visit aqr.com/ESG or contact esg@aqr.com.
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Investing in securities that meet ESG criteria may result in the fund forgoing otherwise attractive opportunities, which may result in underperformance when compared to funds that do not consider ESG factors.
Sustainable investing is qualitative and subjective by nature, and there is no guarantee that the environmental, social and governance (“ESG”) criteria utilized, judgment exercised, or techniques employed, by AQR will be successful, or that they will reflect the beliefs or values of any one particular investor. Certain information used to evaluate ESG factors, including, but not limited to, the carbon emissions of the companies to which the Fund has exposure, or a company’s commitment to, or implementation of, responsible practices is obtained through voluntary or third-party reporting, which may not be accurate or complete. ESG investing can limit the investment opportunities available to a portfolio, such as the exclusion of certain securities or issuers for nonfinancial reasons and, therefore, the portfolio may perform differently than or underperform other similar portfolios that do not apply ESG factors.
AQR Capital Management is a global investment management firm, which may or may not apply similar investment techniques or methods of analysis as described herein. The views expressed here are those of the authors and not necessarily those of AQR.